Jamie Sarkonak: Canada still hasn’t learned from Winnipeg-Wuhan lab incident

New Commons report wisely recommends blacklisting the Wuhan Institute of Virology and its researchers from receiving Canadian funding

(amie Sarkonak, National Post, November 8, 2024)

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Canadian public health authorities didn’t have to let the Wuhan Institute of Virology infiltrate and co-opt our country’s highest-security biolab. The warning signs had been there for years, and no one to our knowledge was holding a gun to the heads of the rubber-stampers who authorized a security-threat-flagged scientist’s shipment of live Ebola back to the motherland.

That’s part of why the latest report from the House of Commons committee on China, released Tuesday (conveniently, on the day of the American presidential election), is such a puzzling read. Though a lot of the information contained within has previously trickled into public knowledge, through reporting, committee hearings and released records, the Commons committee’s synthesis shows how Canadian authorities reacted with the haste of a slug — and continue to leave gaping holes in the security of research that can literally be weaponized against human health.

The report sets out a comedy of errors that preceded the 2019 expulsion of scientists Dr. Xiangguo Qiu and Keding Cheng, both Canadian citizens from China working at the Winnipeg National Microbiology Lab, who were ousted for “administrative” reasons.

The husband-wife pair was hired back in 2003 and 2006, respectively, but a decade later began showing suspicious links to Chinese research programs. In 2012, wife Qiu began collaborating with a Chinese military virologist specializing in “bio-defence and bio-terrorism.”

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In 2016, she was nominated by a Chinese military official for an “International Cooperation Award,” which nodded to her work with the military bioweapons expert and stated that she “used Canada’s Level 4 Biosecurity Laboratory as a base to assist China to improve its capability to fight highly pathogenic pathogens … and achieved brilliant results.” She published a paper with military-linked colleagues sometime afterward, and became a visiting professor at the Academy of Military Medical Sciences working on infectious disease — a position that she left out of her English CV.

In 2017, PHAC greenlit Qiu to travel to Beijing for a conference — but from there, unbeknownst to PHAC, she travelled to the Wuhan Institute of Virology to present on Ebola vaccines. Later that year, PHAC approved Qiu to train others at the Wuhan lab. Around this time or later, via the Wuhan lab, she applied for the Chinese government’s Thousand Talents Program which incentivizes members to clandestinely send overseas research back to China.

After Qiu signed up, the suspicious activity accelerated. In February 2018, she brought over an employee from the Wuhan lab to join her at the Winnipeg lab. In April, she returned to China to “visit family,” with travel expenses paid for by a Chinese biotech firm. In May, Cheung received protein samples from China labelled “kitchen utensils.”

In April 2018, Qiu and Cheung were finally flagged as possible insider threats after CSIS briefed PHAC on foreign interference.

The warning made its way up the chain at a snail’s pace: PHAC’s national security found a suspicious Chinese patent including Qiu in September; the PHAC president was briefed in December, and ordered a private firm to investigate. The private firm tasked with the job concluded in March 2019 that more investigations were needed (duh). PHAC leadership contemplated an internal investigation and finally called the RCMP in May. CSIS began investigations in June.

In July, the scientists were finally kicked out of the lab.

During the entire time that authorities were groggily waking up to the idea that these top scientists might be working as agents for a foreign government, the scientists accelerated their pace. Qiu flew back to the Wuhan lab — with PHAC’s approval — where she was now a “visiting research scientist.” Qiu’s staff recruit from Wuhun was caught trying to sneak tubes out of the Winnipeg lab. The Winnipeg security began noticing a suspicious number of visitors walking around the lab unattended. Cheng tried to enter the lab with another employee’s passcode. Qiu shipped a live sample of Ebola back to the Wuhan lab — again, with PHAC’s approval.

The final stages of a fatal Ebola infection (that is, about half of all Ebola infections) involve profusely bleeding from one’s eyes, nose, mouth and rectum. It’s absolutely not the kind of virus you want getting into the wrong hands, say, those of an unfriendly government whose modified virus experiments have been “credibly suggested” to have escaped from its labs.

Nevertheless, it was only after the scientists’ exile that a CSIS investigation determined that their continued presence at the Winnipeg lab would pose a national security threat. They were formally fired in 2021, and have since disappeared to who knows where — yes, they were permitted to leave the country after the debacle.

The entire period of infiltration was lined with an attitude of nonchalance by government officials who appeared at the China committee. The Winnipeg lab director at the time defended the lab’s slow response by stating that neither CSIS nor PHAC advised him to kick the scientists out; he handwaved approving the Ebola-by-mail. The PHAC president justified the long timeline with the thoroughness of the investigation.

Only former CSIS director Richard Fadden was the voice of reason: “too long,” was his assessment of the kicking-out.

On the health and research side, the passive attitude seems to go all the way up to the top. Security-wise, Canada brought in a new research policy in January 2024 restricting government funding from supporting research on “sensitive technology” (weapons, surveillance, AI, space, etc.) with any connection to certain suspicious research organizations.

The list of collaborators banned from receiving Canadian funding includes only Chinese, Russian and Iranian schools and military units. Not on the list, however, is the Wuhan Institute of Virology, which has already benefitted from exploited Canadian research once. It’s also known for possibly being the place that accidentally started a pandemic by letting COVID out of the lab, which doesn’t inspire confidence when it comes to handling our mail-in Ebola.

The House of Commons China committee is wisely recommending that the Wuhan lab be added to the list of research collaborators ineligible for Canadian taxpayer support, and, more wisely, the end to all government research teamwork with China on sensitive matters.

It’s further recommended that Canada come up with a list of “trusted” countries which will be the sole permitted recipients of highly dangerous live viruses that could kill millions if unleashed. Because, it turns out, we didn’t have one.

But under all this is a problem that’s going to take more than a committee to solve. Careless lab directors can still allow suspicious lab staff to send live pathogen samples to unfriendly countries. Research dollars can be siphoned off to support places like the Wuhan lab. Half-measures and painstakingly laggy responses are endemic to this government, and this weakness will continue to make us a prime target.